Updated Joint Assessment: Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Events in Animals and Humans Pose Low Global Public Health Risk
20 December 2024 | Emergency Situational Updates
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), and World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) have released an updated joint public health assessment concerning recent influenza A(H5N1) virus events in animals and humans. Based on data as of 18 November 2024, the assessment concludes that the global public health risk posed by these viruses remains low.
Key Findings:
- Global Risk Level: The overall risk to public health from influenza A(H5N1) viruses is classified as low.
- Occupational Exposure Risk: For individuals working closely with animals, the risk of infection is assessed as low to moderate, influenced by the effectiveness of local avian influenza control measures and the specific epidemiological situation.
- Animal-to-Animal Transmission: Influenza A(H5N1) continues to spread among animals, underscoring the need for sustained monitoring and control measures.
- Human Infections: While the number of reported human cases has increased, they remain limited. Most cases are linked to direct exposure to infected animals or contaminated environments.
Future Expectations:
The FAO, WHO, and WOAH anticipate additional human infections due to ongoing exposure risks. However, the public health impact of these cases is expected to remain minimal at a global scale.
Recommendations:
- Enhanced Surveillance: Continued monitoring of influenza A(H5N1) in both animals and humans is critical to detect and respond to emerging risks.
- Risk Mitigation for Workers: Employers in high-risk sectors should implement robust safety measures to protect individuals occupationally exposed to the virus.
- Public Awareness: Authorities should promote awareness about avian influenza and safe practices for handling animals to minimize exposure.
This updated assessment is part of ongoing efforts by global organizations to address zoonotic diseases and their potential impact on public health. The Global Influenza Programme (GIP) and Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System under WHO continue to coordinate international responses and research to mitigate risks.
For further details, download the complete report: FAO/WHO/WOAH Assessment (476.2 kB)